Effect of the formalin vapors on the lacrimal gland in the albino rats

Formalin is an important maternal used as a fixative agent in the dissecting rooms of the medical schools and research institutes sterilizing agent to the patient rooms in the hospitals, and adhesive material in plastic manufactures. Formalin is highly volatile chemical material and potentially occupational exposed to its vapors are anatomists, histologists, pathologist, biologist, surgeons and medical students. The majority of the studies on the formalin vapors were done devoted to the effect of formalin on the respiratory system but little attention to the effect of the formalin vapors on the lacrimal gland. This study was performed to investigate the structural alteration of the lacrimal gland under effect of formalin vapors. Twenty adult male albino rats, each average weight [200 gms], they aged about one year old were used in this study and the lacrimal gland ultrastructure were evaluated after three months of formalin vapors exposure. The structure of the lacrimal gland was affected by formalin vapors where the lacrimal acini became irregular in shape with wide irregular lumen and reduction of the secretory vesicles with irregularity in its surface and some of them were ruptured. The nucleus of the lacrimal cells has dark chromatin with irregular nuclear envelop and degenerative areas in the cytoplasm associated with lymphocytes infiltration. The mitochondrial degeneration were apparent and the smooth endoplasmic reticulum were contained variable size vacuoles

Light and ultrastructural microscopic changes of liver in rats following cadmium chloride administration

Cadmium chloride [CdC1[2]] is an environmental risk factor having various toxic effects both in animals and humans. Occupational and environmental cdcl[2] exposure can result in nephrotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and skeletal damage and several types of cancer, The objective of this study was to determine the changes of Cadmium chloride on the liver of rats for light and ultrastructural microscopic examination. Fourty adult male rats were used in this study with average weight 250-300grarns were divided into four groups and Cadmium chloride solution was received subcutaneous injected in the interscapular region of the rat in sublethal dose [2.5 milligrams/kg of body weight, 5 days/week]. The first group: was a control group. The second group: injected with [dcl[2] for two weeks. The third group: injected with [dcl[2]] for four weeks. The fourth group: injected with [cdcl[2] for six weeks. The animals of each group were anaesthetized with inhalation of ether; the liver was excised and cut into small pieces for light and ultrastructural microscopic examination. Changes in the liver treated groups for light microscopic examination of present study showed congested and dilatation of the central vein with blood sinusoids, Hepatocytes showed multiple vaculated cytoplasm and presence of inflammatory cellular infiltration and areas of hyaline degeneration in the hepatic lobules. Changes in the liver treated groups for electron microscopic examination showed, the cytoplasm of hepatocytes contains swollen mitochondria with ill-defined-cristae, and decreased the glycogen granules, with some vacuoles. Administration of cadmium chloride produced significant toxic pathological changes in the liver of the rat

Effect of the hypothyroidism on the skeletal muscle [Soleus] of the adult male albino rat

The thyroid gland is one of the most important endocrine organs that almost all cells of the body are target sites for its hormones, the thyroid state influences markedly both cardiac and skeletal muscles as has been previously reported by many authors. Concerning the skeletal muscles, the hypothyroidism causes atrophy of the muscle fiber and abnormal accumulation of the glycogen. These findings allow a new field for researchers to study the histological picture of the skeletal muscle and the correlation between muscle/body weight ratios in the hypothyroidism. The present study is planned to throw more light on the structure of the skeletal muscle [soleus] and body weight evaluation in the experimentally induced hypothyroid of adult male albino rats. Twenty healthy adult male albino rats, average weight [170 gms each] were used in this study, the body weight evaluated monthly and the skeletal muscle structure was examined histological by light and electron-microscopes after three months of experimentally hypothyroidism. The body weight of the animals were reduced with statistical significant and the skeletal muscle structure affected by experimentally hypothyroidism, where disorganization of the muscle fibers with clear atrophic changes, reduction of the mitochondria and areas of degeneration with abnormal accumulation of glycogen in the skeletal muscle fibers

Effect of the formalin vapors on the hepatocyte

Formalin is an important material used as fixative agent in the dissecting rooms of the medical schools and research institutes, sterilizing agent to the patient rooms in the hospitals, also as adhesives material in plastic manufactures. Formalin is highly volatile chemical material and potentially occupational exposed to its vapors are anatomists, histologists, pathologist, biologist, surgeons and medical students. The majority of the studies on the formalin vapors were done devoted to the effect of formation on the respiratory system but little attention to the effect of the formalin vapors on the liver, that the organ of detoxication. The study was performed to report the alteration of the hepatocyte structural and functions under effect of formation vapors inhalation. Forty healthy adult albino rats of both sexes, average weight [200 gms each] were used in this study and the hepatocyte structure and function were evaluated [1,2,3 months] under the effect of formation vapors inhalation. The hepatocyte structure and function effected from the first month under the effect of formalin vapors inhalation, at further periods of formalin vapors exposure, the degenerative changes affecting most of hepatocytes and the liver functions were decline

Fish oil supplementation improves histological changes after sciatic nerve injury in rats

Peripheral nerve injury often leads to neuropathic pain. The potential effect of dietary supplementation with fish oil [Omega-3] fatty acids on the injured sciatic nerve was studied in albino rats. 25 adult male albino rats weighing 200g were divided into three groups. Group I consisted of five rats were fed a non purified diet supplemented with olive oil for six weeks, they were used as control group. Group II consisted of ten rats were undergone sciatic nerve crush injury and fed a non purified diet supplemented with olive oil for six weeks, they were used as the injured comparative group. Group III consisted of ten rats were undergone sciatic nerve crush injury and were fed a non purified diet supplemented with [Omega-3] fatty acid enriched fish oil concentrate at a dose of 0.5 g/kg/day for six weeks. Histological study showed partially intact neurolemmal sheath, absence of endoneural oedema and signs of regeneration in group three in contrast with group two in which there were apparent signs of degeneration. This beneficial effect of fish oil on injured sciatic nerve with attenuated histological damage suggested a treatment role for patients suffering from neuropathic pain